

Never forget that when you shoot someone, however necessarily and justifiably, you look an awful lot like a killer and he looks an awful lot like a victim. The stereotype can take hold quickly if you don’t act to let the authorities – from the first responding officer to the designated lead investigator – know what happened. The old saying “You only get one chance to make a first impression” is absolutely true here.
Decades ago, I developed a five-point checklist of things I feel the righteous shooter needs to establish as soon as possible in the aftermath. It has been widely adopted, sometimes with attribution and sometimes without, and is now recommended by entities ranging from the Armed Citizens Legal Defense Network to the US Concealed Carry Association. I’m rather proud of that.
Five-Point Checklist
- Establish the active dynamic. That is, let the authorities know immediately what happened here. If you have harmed someone in self-defense, always remember that the active dynamic is not what you did to him, it’s what he was trying to do to you or another victim. The active dynamic is his action that forced your lawful response. It’s not, “I shot him.” It’s, “This man tried to kill me.” Or, “This man attacked my wife.” Whatever it was that led to your use of force.This makes it clear that the guy on the ground doing a convincing imitation of a victim is in fact the criminal perpetrator. It makes it clear that you, the person with the smoking gun who just shot someone, are in fact the intended victim. If one or more of your attackers has left the scene, explain that now, and give their description. It’s going to be hard for people to see you as the innocent party if you failed to let police know that a violent criminal was at large.
- Advise the police that you will sign the complaint. There are two roles open in this particular play: victim and perpetrator. As noted, appearances can create mistaken role reversal if things aren’t immediately clarified. By making a statement to the police to the effect of “I will sign the complaint,” you reinforce the fact that you are the victim-complainant, the good guy or gal, and the person you’re signing the complaint on is the bad guy who forced you to harm him in legitimate defense of self or others. (Note: I would not advise using the phrase “I will press charges.” The reason is that legal terminology varies slightly jurisdiction to jurisdiction. While in many jurisdictions it is indeed the complainant who presses charges, there are some places where the local terminology is such that the prosecutor “presses charges.” If you inadvertently find yourself in one of those places and say “I will press charges,” it sounds to the police as if you have delusions of being the elected chief prosecutor, and you won’t be off to a good start. “I will sign the complaint” is neutral and universal.)
- Point out the evidence. The scene will be chaotic. Witnesses will be trampling the scene. So will paramedics and police officers. I’ve seen cases of the bad guy’s gun being picked up by his accomplice or by a well-meaning neighbor who didn’t want to leave it where a child could find it. I’ve seen spent casings kicked away from their original resting place, or picked up in the treads of emergency personnel’s boots or the wheels of an ambulance gurney, thus altering the dimensions of the shooting scene and making it look like something it wasn’t. The sooner you point out the evidence to the first responding officers, the more likely it is to be secured. When you’ve done the right thing, evidence helps you.
- Point out the witnesses. Witnesses worry about having to lose time from work to testify in court, or being the target for vengeance by criminals. A lot of them “don’t want to get involved.” Once they leave the scene unidentified, their testimony that would have helped to prove your innocence leaves with them. Point out the witnesses to the police at the first opportunity. (Some have asked, “What if the witness is a friend of the attacker and lies about what happened?” The fact is, he was going to do that anyway, so you haven’t lost anything. However, your having pointed him out to the police can be seen as an indication that you believed in your own innocence, or you wouldn’t have steered the police to him, and that can’t hurt.)
- Politely decline further questioning until you have consulted an attorney. Studies show that, in the immediate aftermath of a life-threatening encounter, we may forget some things or get some details wrong. The questions to you will come at random as they occur to the officer, and you will answer them in the same order; in reviewing the cop’s notes and his recollection of the discussion later, this can create the false illusion that you were giving a narrative of events in the order in which they occurred, which of course is not the case. But later, when you do narrate events in the sequence of their occurrence, it creates a false perception that you have changed your story. Often, very frightening things that happened are blocked in short term memory by a subconscious that doesn’t want to recall them; when you mention something later that you didn’t mention at the scene, it sounds made up. You don’t want to answer detailed questions as to exact words spoken, distances, or time frames. None of us are human tape recorders. The tunnel vision that afflicts well over half of people caught up in something like a gunfight creates the literal optical illusion that things and people appear closer and larger than they are. If your memory tells you your attacker was six feet away when you shot him but he turns out to have been six yards away, you sound like a liar. Tachypsychia is likewise very common, the sense of things going into slow motion. It seemed to you as if the fight took a whole minute, and you say so, but a security camera shows it was actually only ten seconds, and now you look like a liar. The involved victim who had to fight for his or her very survival is the worst possible witness for measuring things in feet or inches, or counting how many shots were fired.
Experts recommend 24 to 48 hours between one of these “critical incidents,” as they are now euphemistically called in the emergency services, and when the participant is subjected to a detailed debriefing. The Force Science Institute recommends “one full sleep cycle.”
This is why my recommendation – practical advice, not legal advice – is to establish the active dynamic, indicate that you’ll sign the complaint, point out evidence and witnesses known to you…and then stop. Be polite. Do not raise your voice. I for one would answer subsequent questions with, “Officer, you’ll have my full cooperation after I’ve spoken with counsel.”
Editor's Note: This article is an excerpt of Massad Ayoob's Deadly Force: Understanding Your Right to Self Defense.


Speed Kills
Interestingly enough, the .17 WSM was developed from a .27-caliber nail gun blank, which was then necked down for a .17-caliber bullet. Maximum internal pressure is around 33,000 psi and roughly 7,000 psi more than the .17 HMR. The 3,000 fps velocity is about 630 fps faster than the HMR, giving you about 7.5 inches of movement in a 10 mph crosswind at 200 yards versus the HMR’s 16.5 inches. Less wind drift and bullet drop mean better accuracy at considerable range. The .17 WSM doesn’t create the kind of carnage and high-flying gymnastic moves on prairie dogs that are so common with cartridges like the .22-250 or .204 Ruger, but it’s got plenty of pop out to at least 150 yards and is still more accurate at longer ranges than the .17 HMR or .22 Magnum, both close range killers in their own right.
17 Series
The other staple of the rifle is of course the AccuTrigger, a revolutionary design that incorporates an adjustable, finely tuned trigger into an affordable package. Out of the box, the trigger on my rifle was under 3 pounds and crisp as always.
Field Comparisons
Parting Shots






The .22 Short
The .22 Long Rifle
The CCI Stinger, using a light bullet and a slightly elongated case, was among the first, and remains a solid choice. The Remington Yellow Jacket and Viper, and Browning BPR ammo will also give higher-than-normal velocities. On the other end of the spectrum, there are many good subsonic loads for those who like to keep things as quiet as possible. Norma Sub-Sonic .22 and CCI’s Quiet-22 are good choices for quieter loads for hunting or for training a new shooter. Please be aware that many of the autoloading rifles and pistols require a certain muzzle velocity, or more specifically, an energy level, to cycle the action.
The .17 HMR
The .17 Mach 2
The .17 Winchester Super Magnum







In 1983 Remington introduced the Model Seven. Best described as a compressed model 700, it was sort of a replacement for their discontinued model 600. It had a suggested price of $449.95, and at just a shade more than 6 pounds and less than a meter in length, riflemen immediately adored it. I always thought the LS version with the laminated stock and fixed sights was the best of the bunch. It was discontinued in 2005.
Before any shots were fired, I addressed the only real issue I had with the rifle. The factory trigger broke crisp but at a shade more than 6 pounds. A rifleman’s rifle should never have a trigger pull weight of more than half the rifle weight. I ordered the best replacement trigger I could find, a Calvin Elite from Timney Triggers, and had it set for 2.5 pounds at the factory. (When Timney owner John Vehr asked Calvin Motley – his lead engineer – to build the best trigger he could, Vehr was so impressed with it, he named it after the man who created it.) I installed the Timney in about 15 minutes.
I was not disappointed. Six loads, firing three, three-shot groups, were tested from a bench at 100 yards. The average group size was 1.67 inches. Fortunately for me, the standout load was Hornady’s new Custom Lite 125-grain SST load. It averaged 1.03 inches, was very comfortable to shoot, and is totally deer or bear capable at any range I can shoot accurately with iron sights.
In the past, it’s been possible to drive the bead out from the dovetail in Remington sights but new Remington front sights are one-piece units. Additionally, instead of using two screws, they’re attached with one screw and a stud that’s molded into the sight base. The XS sight kit for the model Seven comes with only a dovetailed post front sight. I had to order a front base from XS. This worked but I had to shorten the screws provided with it. XS Sights is revamping their model Seven sights to work with the newer rifles.
With the XS Sights, my bench accuracy did not suffer all that much. In fact, I managed to shoot some groups just as small as those I shot with the scope. Surprisingly, with a tight sling from the seated position at 100 yards, I shot more than one group measuring less than 1.5 MOA.
To round out the setup, I installed Galco Gunleather’s leather Butt Cuff. With five cartridges inserted, it ups the weight to 7.25 pounds. The idea with the butt cuff was not to provide a means to carry extra ammo, but to serve as storage for the field load of five rounds, four in the magazine and one in the chamber. This way the rifle can be stored or hauled unloaded with a full compliment of ammo on board.
After a lifetime of lusting for a Remington model 600 and 33 years of yearning for a Remington model Seven, I finally have mine. In 1983 the median household income in the U.S. was $19,000 and a model Seven was 0.023 percent of that. Today, with a median household income of $53,000, the model Seven is a tad more affordable at 0.020 percent. I can’t argue with the price and, I think I ‘ve configured this rifle perfectly for general-purpose use.
Remington Model 7 LS
This past November I was able to attend Colt's Media Day Event down at the legendary Gunsite Academy in Paulden, Arizona. While there, I was able to shoot some of Colt's new rifle and handgun models for 2017. Unfortunately, I was unable to talk about these new introductions publicly until back in January, just a little bit before the 2017 SHOT Show.
For those who aren't familiar with Wiley Clapp, he's a writer who's published work in various firearms magazines and has authored and co-authored a number of books, including several for Gun Digest. He also served as a Marine during the Vietnam War and was a deputy sheriff in Southern California for about two decades following his service.
The new Colt Wiley Clapp Lightweight Commander I shot at Gunsite comes with Colt's excellent Series 70 firing system, and to keep things lightweight, as its name suggests, Colt has gone with an aluminum alloy frame with a black anodized finish and a blued carbon steel slide. Total unloaded weight is right at 30 ounces, which makes it a good fit for all-day carry or for extended trips to the range.
Like with other Colt Wiley Clapp 1911s, this one also comes equipped with oval grips with fingerprint checkering, a comfortable upswept beavertail grip safety and Pete Single's unique 25 LPI (lines per inch) checkering on the front strap and mainspring housing. These features all combine to result in a 1911 that looks fairly striking to the eye, and fits the hand quite well. Having shot both this new Lightweight Commander and the Wiley Clapp Stainless Commander, introduced in early 2016, I can say that the grips and Pete Single checkering are some of my favorite aspects of both designs, and really add a lot in the comfort department while shooting.
Being a Commander-style 1911, the pistol utilizes a 4.25-inch polished, stainless steel barrel and has an overall length and height of 7.75 and 5.5 inches, respectively. Width is the standard 1.25 inches, and the trigger pull is plenty sufficient at between 4.5 and 6 pounds. The gun also uses a low-profile thumb safety, similar to those found on other Wiley Clapp 1911s Colt has produced.








![Best Concealed Carry Guns In 2025 [Field Tested] Wilson Combat EDC X9S 1](https://gundigest.com/wp-content/uploads/Wilson-Combat-EDC-X9S-1-324x160.jpg)


![Best 9mm Carbine: Affordable PCCs [Tested] Ruger Carbine Shooting](https://gundigest.com/wp-content/uploads/Ruger-Carbine-Shooting-100x70.jpg)
![Best AR-15: Top Options Available Today [Field Tested] Harrington and Richardson PSA XM177E2 feature](https://gundigest.com/wp-content/uploads/Harrington-and-Richardson-PSA-XM177E2-feature-100x70.jpg)
