.22LR Ammo: Top Hunting Loads Tested

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We test today’s top .22LR hunting ammo for precision, velocity, cost and terminal performance.

Not too long ago, I tested 20 different loads of .22LR ammo to see which one would deliver the most precision on target out of my favorite .22 rifle. I was astonished to discover that the best shooting load was designed for small game hunting. In fact, five of the seven most precise shooting loads from my rifle were suitable for small game hunting. This got me to wondering how these same loads might shoot in other rifles, so another test was conducted.

I took those five good-shooting hunting loads and tested them in two other rifles. Like with my favorite rifle, I fired five, five-shot groups at 50 yards with each load out of each rifle. And I also—just like the test with my rifle—chronographed the first 10 shots fired with each load. My rifle (Rifle 1) is a New Ultra Light Arms single-shot with a Douglas Barrel and a Timney trigger. Rifle 2 was a custom 10-22 with a Green Mountain barrel and a Timney trigger. And the third rifle (Rifle 3) was a box-stock Smith & Wesson M&P 15-22. Each rifle was outfitted with a riflescope set at a magnification of 6X.

The most precise-shooting load overall was the best-shooting load out of only one of the rifles. In fact, it was the worst shooting load out of my rifle. This was a bit surprising since my rifle—on average—produced groups that were about 40 percent smaller than the other two rifles. This clearly illustrates that rimfire rifles are finicky creatures. Just because one rifle prefers a certain load doesn’t mean another rifle will. As you can see, each rifle had its favorite.

Velocity

Conventional wisdom suggests that rimfire ammunition producing consistent velocities will also produce good precision. Out of my rifle (Rifle 1), the most consistent velocity was registered by CCI’s 40-grain LFB (lead flat-nose) SGB (small game bullet). However, from a precision standpoint, it came in fourth. The load with the least consistent velocity out of my rifle was the 40-grain, CCI Mini-Mag Segmented HP (hollow-point) load. It was the most accurate. This would suggest that conventional wisdom doesn’t apply.

On the other hand, when all the rifles were considered, the most precise shooting load was the 38-grain Federal American Eagle load. If the average velocity consistency from all three rifles is compared, this load also performed the best. The load that delivered the least consistent velocities across all three rifles was the Winchester Hyper Velocity 40-grain CPHP (copper-plated hollow-point) load. It ranked fourth in terms of average precision. This would seem to suggest that, at least when multiple rifles are considered, velocity consistency does influence precision.

Another comment regarding velocity is worth making. Rarely, if ever, do actual velocities meet or exceed advertised velocities, and that was proven in this test. However, the differences were very consistent. When all five loads and all three rifles were considered, the average difference in advertised and actual velocities was only 33 fps. Just as interesting was that the range of variance was only 12 fps. This means you can expect your actual velocities to be less than advertised, but reasonably close.

VELOCITY

LOAD	ADV (fps)	AMV (fps)	AVD (fps)	ASD (fps)	AES (fps)
Federal American Eagle 38-grain CPHP	1,260	1,224	36	16	53
CCI Mini-Mag 40-grain Segmented HP	1,235	1,206	29	17	59
Federal Champion 36-grain CPHP	1,260	1,233	27	18	54
CCI 40-grain LFN SGB	1,235	1,203	32	19	63
Winchester 40-grain Hyper Velocity CPHP	1,435	1,396	39	24	71
AVERAGES			33	19	60

Cost

For as long as I can remember, I’ve been told that the best shooting .22 Long Rifle loads cost the most. If you’re shopping for .22LR ammo and your primary concern is precision, most likely you’ll purchase the most expensive load, hoping to find that precision. Out of the 20 loads I originally tested in my rifle, this wasn’t the case. The two most expensive loads ranked 13th and 14th in terms of precision.

Just looking at the five hunting loads fired out of the three different rifles for this test, one of the least expensive loads, which was the 38-grain Federal American Eagle load, delivered the best precision. Between all three rifles, the most expensive load ranked third in terms of precision. Cost, it’d appear, has little to do with the precision you can expect from .22LR ammo.

COST

LOAD	CPS (cents)	AP (inches)	ASD (fps)
Federal American Eagle 38-grain CPHP	12	1.12	16
CCI Mini-Mag 40-grain Segmented HP	13	1.16	17
Federal Champion 36-grain CPHP	10	1.41	18
CCI 40-grain LFN SGB	22	1.31	19
Winchester 40-grain Hyper Velocity CPHP	15	1.36	24
AVERAGES	14	1.27	19

Terminal Performance

All of this is interesting, and while it might suggest that a certain load has the most potential to shoot well from your rifle, there’s no guarantee. As stated, for each rifle there was a different load that delivered the best precision. However, I don’t think it’s a stretch to suggest that at least one of the five loads that were tested should shoot very well out of your rifle. And precision is important. If you want to head shoot a squirrel at 50 yards, you’ll struggle to do it with a load not capable of shooting groups less than, or at least very close to, 1 inch at that distance.

A shot to a squirrel’s head with any bullet fired from a .22 rifle will do the trick, but your small game hunting might include larger critters, such as raccoons, fox, bobcats—and even badgers and coyotes. If that’s the case, head shots will still work, but you’ll likely want a load that’d deliver good terminal performance if a body shot must be taken. With that in mind, I thought it would be interesting to compare the terminal performance of these five loads.

For that test, I fired one shot from each load out of each of the rifles into blocks of Clear Ballistics Gel placed at 20 yards. The chart reflects the average of these results. For those who believe kinetic energy matters, the muzzle energy, based on the average velocity of each load from all three rifles, is included as well.

The terminal performance of these five loads was varied. This is a good thing because it gives you some variety based on what you plan to shoot. The CCI Mini-Mag 40-grain Segmented HP is unique in that the bullet breaks into three pieces after penetrating about an inch. Then, the three pieces radiate out from the primary bullet path by about an inch and a half, and then only penetrate to about 6 inches. This load should deliver massive wounding, but of course, penetration will be limited. The other unusual load was the CCI 40-grain LFN SGB. This is a non-deforming bullet designed for maximum penetration, and that’s what you get; it penetrated 14 percent deeper than the next deepest penetrating load.

The three remaining loads penetrated to about a foot, and two of them showed moderate deformation. But surprisingly, the standout load once again was the Federal American Eagle 38-grain CPHP. The bullet from this load deformed with a frontal diameter noticeably larger than the other two. Though this load was one of the least expensive, on average it was the most precise shooting, delivered the most consistent velocities, and arguably the best terminal performance.

CCI’s Mini-Mag 40-grain Segmented HP proved to be the best shooting load in my rifle. Considering the small game I hunt and this load’s terminal performance, it should do nicely. If I find it on the shelf, I’ll buy in bulk. Given ammo availability right now, you might not be able to assemble a collection of loads to test. That’d for sure be the best course of action. However, whether you can obtain several loads to test or not, I’d strongly suggest you give the very inexpensive American Eagle load a try.

TERMINAL PERFORMANCE

LOAD	ENG (ft-lb)	PEN (in.)	RBD (in.)	RBW (gr.)
CCI Mini-Mag 40-grain Segmented HP	129	6.0	f	37f
Winchester 40-grain Hyper Velocity CPHP	173	11.0	0.297	32
Federal Champion 36-grain CPHP	121	14.0	0.274	37
CCI 40-grain LFN SGB	128	16.0	0.221	40
Federal American Eagle 38-grain CPHP	126	12.5	0.348	38
AVERAGES	135	11.9	0.285	37

Editor's Note: This article originally appeared in the September 2022 issue of Gun Digest the Magazine.

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